331 Primary Metal Manufacturing

Subcategories of 331 Primary Metal Manufacturing

• 3311Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing

  This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) direct reduction of iron ore; (2) manufacturing pig iron in molten or solid form; (3) converting pig iron into steel; (4) making steel; (5) making steel and manufacturing shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, sheet, strip, wire); (6) making steel and forming pipe and tube; and (7) manufacturing electrometallurgical ferroalloys. Ferroalloys add critical elements, such as silicon and manganese for carbon steel and chromium, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, and molybdenum for low- and high-alloy metals. Ferroalloys include iron-rich alloys and more pure forms of elements added during the steel manufacturing process that alter or improve the characteristics of the metal. Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• 3312Steel Product Manufacturing from Purchased Steel

  This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron and steel tube and pipe, drawing steel wire, and rolling or drawing shapes from purchased iron or steel.

• 3313Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing

  This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) refining alumina; (2) making (i.e., the primary production) aluminum from alumina; (3) recovering aluminum from scrap or dross; (4) alloying purchased aluminum; and (5) manufacturing aluminum primary forms (e.g., bar, foil, pipe, plate, rod, sheet, tube, wire). Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• 3314Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing

  This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in nonferrous metal (except aluminum) smelting, refining, rolling, drawing, extruding, and alloying.

• 3315Foundries

  This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten metal into molds or dies to form castings. Establishments making castings and further manufacturing, such as machining or assembling, a specific manufactured product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Foundries may perform operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the castings they manufacture. More involved processes, such as tapping, threading, milling, or machining to tight tolerances, that transform castings into more finished products are classified elsewhere in the Manufacturing sector based on the product made. Establishments in this industry group make castings from purchased metals or in integrated secondary smelting and casting facilities. When the production of primary metals is combined with making castings, the establishment is classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing, with the primary metal made.

Other NAICS 2022 codes under 331 Primary Metal Manufacturing

• 311Food Manufacturing
• 312Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing
• 313Textile Mills
• 314Textile Product Mills
• 315Apparel Manufacturing
• 316Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing
• 321Wood Product Manufacturing
• 322Paper Manufacturing
• 323Printing and Related Support Activities
• 324Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing
• 325Chemical Manufacturing
• 326Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing
• 327Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing
• 332Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
• 333Machinery Manufacturing
• 334Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
• 335Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing
• 336Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
• 337Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing
• 339Miscellaneous Manufacturing

Frequently asked questions

What is NAICS 2022 331?

NAICS 2022 331 is "Primary Metal Manufacturing". Industries in the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector smelt and/or refine ferrous and nonferrous metals from ore, pig, or scrap, using electrometallurgical and other process metallurgical techniques. Establishments in this subsector also manufacture metal alloys and superalloys by introducing other chemical elements to pure metals. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling, drawing, and extruding operations to make sheet, strip, bar, rod, or wire, and in molten form to make castings and other basic metal products. Primary manufacturing of ferrous and nonferrous metals begins with ore or concentrate as the primary input. Establishments manufacturing primary metals from ore and/or concentrate remain classified in the primary smelting, primary refining, or iron and steel mill industries regardless of the form of their output. Establishments primarily engaged in secondary smelting and/or secondary refining recover ferrous and nonferrous metals from scrap and/or dross. The output of the secondary smelting and/or secondary refining industries is limited to shapes such as ingot or billet that will be further processed. Recovery of metals from scrap often occurs in establishments that are primarily engaged in activities, such as rolling, drawing, extruding, or similar processes. Excluded from the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ferrous and nonferrous forgings (except ferrous forgings made in steel mills) and stampings. Although forging, stamping, and casting are all methods used to make metal shapes, forging and stamping do not use molten metals and are included in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Establishments primarily engaged in operating coke ovens are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing.

What does NAICS 2022 331 include?

331 Primary Metal Manufacturing contains 5 direct subcategories: 3311 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; 3312 Steel Product Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; 3313 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; 3314 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing; 3315 Foundries.

What is the parent category of 331?

331 Primary Metal Manufacturing sits under 331 Primary Metal Manufacturing in the NAICS 2022 hierarchy.